皖赣两省地质公园造景花岗岩的岩石特征、形成时代及景观成因     

李鹏举  李红英  韩亚超  邱骏挺  余心起 《地质论评》2014,60(6):1348-1358

皖赣两省气候宜人,旅游资源丰富。黄山、三清山、天柱山、九华山、牯牛降等地质公园更是以独特的花岗岩地貌景观闻名于世。通过对地质公园内造景花岗岩进行年代学、岩石学、地球化学等方面的研究,证明上述地质公园内的花岗岩集中形成于135~125 Ma,属于早白垩世强烈岩浆活动的产物。这些花岗岩高硅、富碱、过铝,轻重稀土分馏不明显,Eu强烈亏损,稀土配分曲线呈海鸥型;强烈亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti,形成四个明显的凹槽,具有造山后铝质A型花岗岩的岩石地化特征,属于铝质A型花岗岩或者高分异花岗岩。上述花岗岩主要形成于造山后伸展的构造背景。该构造背景下产出的花岗岩以浅色矿物为主,暗色矿物含量稀少,抗风化蚀变能力更佳;并具有多组密集的原生节理,对花岗岩地貌景观的形成起着极其重要的控制作用。  相似文献   

伊春东风经营所新元古代花岗质片麻岩U-Pb年代学和地球化学特征   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

王少轶  刘宝山 《世界地质》2014,33(4):780-786

张广才岭中段东风经营所一带发现新元古代花岗质片麻岩,岩石具有高硅、富碱和低钙、镁及偏铝质-过铝质特点,稀土元素配分模式中轻稀土元素富集且缓向右倾斜,重稀土元素曲线较为平坦,为具有铕亏损的海鸥型,富集高场强元素Th、Zr、Hf,亏损Ba、Sr、P、Ti、Nb、Ta等大离子亲石元素,微量元素特征指示其形成于大陆地壳的部分熔融。锆石LA--ICP MS U--Pb定年结果表明,岩石加权平均年龄为(850.2±2.0)Ma,形成于新元古代。构造环境显示研究区花岗质片麻岩形成于挤压造山环境,为造山期的深熔产物。新元古代花岗质片麻岩的发现,表明研究区之前存在一古老的微陆块。  相似文献   

福建南平花岗伟晶岩型钽铌矿床地质特征与成因   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

陈国建 《地质通报》2014,33(10):1550-1561

福建南平钽铌矿是亚洲最大的花岗伟晶岩型钽铌矿床,也是中国钽铌金属矿的重要产地。南平钽铌矿在构造上位于闽西北隆起带东南缘,矿区内广泛发育有中—新元古界变质岩系。钽铌矿多呈脉体,沿变质岩系的片理或层理侵入,矿脉与围岩的关系清晰。这些脉体是在与加里东期花岗岩有成因联系的4类花岗伟晶岩分异—演化的基础上形成的。矿化伟晶岩中分带和交代蚀变作用均十分发育,稀土元素的矿化与伟晶熔体的结晶分异及后期热液蚀变作用有较密切的关系。稀土元素和磷酸盐矿物含量很多,这在国内外同类型伟晶岩中不常见。同时该地区也是新矿物——南平石的唯一产地。钽铌矿物是矿化伟晶岩中Ta和Nb元素的最主要载体,Ta含量大于Nb,还有其他可综合利用的稀土元素。闽西北地区具有进一步寻找此类型矿化伟晶岩的广阔前景。  相似文献   

Estimating Influence of Crystallizing Latent Heat on Cooling-Crystallizing Process of a Granitic Melt and Its Geological Implications     

ZHANG Bangtong  WU Junqi  LING Hongfei  CHEN Peirong 《《地质学报》英文版》2008,82(2):438-443

Based on the theory of thermal conductivity, in this paper we derived a formula to estimate the prolongation period （AtL） of cooling-crystallization process of a granitic melt caused by latent heat of crystallization as follows：△tL=QL×△tcol/（TM-TC）×CP where TM is initial temperature of the granite melt, Tc crystallization temperature of the granite melt, Cp specific heat, △tcol cooling period of a granite melt from its initial temperature （TM） to its crystallization temperature （Tc）, QL latent heat of the granite melt.
The cooling period of the melt for the Fanshan granodiorite from its initial temperature （900℃） to crystallization temperature （600℃） could be estimated -210,000 years if latent heat was not considered. Calculation for the Fanshan melt using the above formula yields a AtL value of -190,000 years, which implies that the actual cooling period within the temperature range of 900°-600℃ should be 400,000 years. This demonstrates that the latent heat produced from crystallization of the granitic melt is a key factor influencing the cooling-crystallization process of a granitic melt, prolongating the period of crystallization and resulting in the large emplacement-crystallization time difference （ECTD） in granite batholith.  相似文献   

胶南晚中生代大珠花岗岩岩体的脆性变形机制   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

田野  单业华 《大地构造与成矿学》2008,32(4)

在长期变化的构造应力作用下,胶南大珠山花岗岩岩体自早白垩世冷凝冷却以来发生强烈的脆性破裂变形,形成了多样的破裂类型如岩脉、节理和断层。在该岩体冷凝冷却早期侵入的细晶花岗岩脉和稍后形成的N-S向节理组反映出与同期区域构造应力场协调的N-S向挤压作用,而后伴随着揭顶剥蚀,出现了交替变化的构造应力场形成了岩体内主导的NW-NNW向和NE向节理组。整体上,恢复出的岩体内构造应力场发生顺时针方向旋转,最大水平挤压由早期的N-S向偏转为晚期的近E-W向。构造应力场的长期变化、平行节理作用和节理断层化作用造成了研究区复杂的破裂型式和破裂序列。  相似文献   

西藏冈底斯中段桑桑花岗质岩体锆石U-Pb年龄与Hf同位素组成及其对岩石成因和构造演化的制约          下载免费PDF全文

王睿强  邱检生  喻思斌  赵姣龙 《高校地质学报》2016,22(1):81

以西藏冈底斯中段西侧桑桑花岗质岩体为对象,进行了系统的年代学、元素地球化学和锆石Hf同位素组成研究,据此阐明了岩体成因,并探讨了其构造意义。锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年表明,桑桑花岗质岩体的成岩年龄为49~54 Ma。化学组成上,岩体具有亚碱、准铝、贫磷的特征(A/NKC1.10,P_2O_50.20%),属钙碱性I型花岗岩类。岩体富Cs、Rb、Ba、Th、U、K、Pb和轻稀土,贫Nb、Ta、P与Ti,表现出弧岩浆岩的地球化学特征。岩体的锆石εHf(t)值变化较大,散布于正值与负值之间(=-4.24~+5.49),指示其形成存在不同来源物质的贡献。综合分析表明,桑桑花岗质岩体起源于初生地壳的部分熔融,但在成岩过程中有古老地壳组分的参与。结合区域地质背景,笔者认为这一古老地壳组分最可能来自印亚碰撞过程中俯冲下插的印度地壳,由此说明印度-欧亚大陆碰撞的起始时间应早于54 Ma。  相似文献   

Isotope hydrological study of mean transit time in the granitic Strengbach catchment (Vosges massif,France): application of the FlowPC model with modified input function     

D. Viville  B. Ladouche  T. Bariac 《水文研究》2006,20(8):1737-1751

Measurements of ¹⁸O concentrations in precipitation, soil solution, spring and runoff are used to determine water transit time in the small granitic Strengbach catchment (0·8 km²; 883–1146 m above sea level) located in the Vosges Mountains of northeastern France. Water transit times were calculated by applying the exponential, exponential piston and dispersion models of the FlowPC program to isotopic input (rainfall) and output (spring and stream water) data sets during the period 1989–95. The input function of the model was modified compared with the former version of the model and estimated by a deterministic approach based on a simplified hydrological balance. The fit between observed and calculated output data showed marked improvements compared with results obtained using the initial version of the model. An exponential piston version of the model applied to spring water indicates a 38·5 month mean transit time, which suggests that the volume in the aquifer, expressed in water depth, is 2·4 m. A considerable thickness (>45 m) of fractured bedrock may be involved for such a volume of water to be stored in the aquifer. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.  相似文献   

Pervasive granitoid magma transfer through the lower–middle crust during non-coaxial compressional deformation     

W. J. COLLINS  & E. W. SAWYER 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1996,14(5):565-579

Granitic magmas migrated through Early Proterozoic middle–lower crust at Mt Hay, central Australia, via a diverse network of narrow structurally controlled channelways, during a period of progressive W–SW-directed thrusting (D1a–D1d). They utilized existing folds, boudins and shear zones, or created new channels by magmatic fracture either parallel to layering or, rarely, in irregular arrays. The magmas rose obliquely, parallel to the plunging (50–60°) regional elongation direction, which was defined by coaxial folds, boudin necks and a strong mineral-elongation lineation. Megacrystic charnockitic magmas migrated through metre-scale conduits during D1a–D1b, but leucosomes were generally restricted to smaller (centimetre-scale) structures that existed throughout the entire deformation history. Thus, D1a/D1b leucosomes were potential feeders of in situ partial melts to the adjacent larger conduits of charnockite magma, thereby providing a pervasive interconnected network that allowed efficient migration of all magma types during the early stages of thrusting. The upper–middle crust of the Anmatjira–Reynolds Range area contains abundant megacrystic granitoid sheets that are of similar age and geochemistry to those at Mt Hay. They are considered to have formed as syntectonic intrusions emplaced during W–SW-directed thrusting, as at Mt Hay, suggesting that granitic magmas formed near the base of the continental crust passed through the mid-lower crustal level (25–30 km) exposed at Mt Hay and accumulated, in batholithic proportions, at shallower crustal levels (12–20 km) such as the Anmatjira–Reynolds Range area. The observations imply that granitoid magmas in the deep crust are capable of pervasive migration through the crust during major compressive, noncoaxial shear deformation. Localization of magmas by sequentially developed, narrow, compressive structures suggests that dilatancy followed successive foliation-forming events, a situation that can occur during steady-state deformation if the effective confining pressures are low, which would be a result of high and possibly variable rates of magma influx. The inferred rapid melt segregation and migration during deformation suggest that large chambers do not form until magma reaches neutral buoyancy in the middle to upper continental crust.  相似文献   

高挂山—牛头寨地区小型环形影象构造分析及其找矿意义     

钱惠林 《湖南地质》1989,8(2):18-22

高挂山—牛头寨地区,通过大比例尺航片解译,发现6个大小不等的小型环形影象信息。这些环形影象与岩浆活动、已知矿床、矿化点、重砂异常、物化探异常等的分布有着内在的联系。为预测找矿远景区和找隐伏矿床提供了影象依据。  相似文献   

Geochemistry of S-type granitic rocks from the reversely zoned Castelo Branco pluton (central Portugal)     

I.M.H.R. Antunes  A.M.R. Neiva  M.M.V.G. Silva  F. Corfu 《Lithos》2008,103(3-4):445-465

The zoned pluton from Castelo Branco consists of Variscan peraluminous S-type granitic rocks. A muscovite>biotite granite in the pluton's core is surrounded successively by biotite>muscovite granodiorite, porphyritic biotite>muscovite granodiorite grading to biotite=muscovite granite, and finally by muscovite>biotite granite. ID-TIMS U–Pb ages for zircon and monazite indicate that all phases of the pluton formed at 310 ± 1 Ma. Whole-rock analyses show slight variation in ⁸⁷Sr/⁸⁶Sr_310 Ma between 0.708 and 0.712, Nd_310 Ma values between − 1 and − 4 and δ¹⁸O values between 12.2 and 13.6. These geological, mineralogical, geochemical and isotopic data indicate a crustal origin of the suite, probably from partial melting of heterogeneous Early Paleozoic pelitic country rock. In detail there is evidence for derivation from different sources, but also fractional crystallization linking some of internal plutonic phases. Least-squares analysis of major elements and modelling of trace elements indicate that the porphyritic granodiorite and biotite=muscovite granite were derived from the granodiorite magma by fractional crystallization of plagioclase, quartz, biotite and ilmenite. By contrast variation diagrams of major and trace elements in biotite and muscovite, the behaviours of Ba in microcline and whole-rock δ¹⁸O, the REE patterns of rocks and isotopic data indicate that both muscovite-dominant granites were probably originated by two distinct pulses of granite magma.  相似文献